Psychological Research Evidencing the Effectiveness of Subliminal Messaging
The body of psychological experimentation into the effectiveness of subliminal messaging is vast and broad, spanning a number of decades. The following is a sampling of those experiments, showing that subliminal messaging can be used to teach individuals a variety of things successfully, and that teaching the same material both consciously and subconsciously will result in successful learning that is greater than teaching consciously alone. This bears out the conclusion that by subliminally reinforcing principles after they have been taught in school, we can effectuate greater learning than can be achieved solely through conscious learning in school:
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“…subliminal presentation of vocabulary of a foreign language enabled participants to later decide whether these foreign words are presented with correct or incorrect translations. Subliminal influence did not significantly decay [over time]. This is unprecedented evidence of the longevity and impact of subliminal messages on conscious, rational decision-making.”
Subliminal messages exert long-term effects on decisionmaking.
Neurosci Conscious, Aug 20, 2016
Simon Ruch, Marc Alain Züst, Katharina Henke
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“…experimental research has confirmed the capacity of the human cognitive system to process information that does not reach consciousness (unconscious perception)….”
Subliminal messages for increasing self-esteem: placebo effect
Span J Psychol, May 4, 2001
M Froufe, C Schwartz
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“…growing evidence demonstrates that not only conscious but also unconscious thoughts influence decision-making.”
“…both unconsciously and consciously encoded memories influenced decisions:
identical unconscious and conscious memories exerted the strongest bias on…decisions, while both incongruous and congruous (i.e., non-identical) subliminally and supraliminally formed memories canceled each other out leaving no bias on decisions.”
Subliminally and supraliminally acquired long-term memories jointly bias delayed decisions.
Frontiers in Psychology, Sep 12, 2017
Simon Ruch, Elizabeth Herbert, Katharina Henke
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“With his claim [in 1957] to have increased sales of Coca Cola and popcorn in a movie theatre through subliminal messages flashed on the screen, James Vicary raised the possibility of subliminal advertising…[Two newer studies] demonstrated that subliminal priming of a brand name of drink (i.e., Lipton Ice) positively affected participants' choice for, and their intention to drink, the primed brand…for participants who were thirsty.”
Beyond Vicary's fantasies: The impact of subliminal priming and brand choice.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Nov, 2006 Johan Karremans, Wolfgang Stroebe, Jasper Claus
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“…growing evidence indicates that the human unconscious can perform various high-level cognitive functions that might allow decision processes to benefit from subliminal messages…Subliminal messages exert diverse influences on our thoughts and our behavior”. Ruch, Züst, Henke citing
The role of consciousness in cognitive control and decision making.
Front Hum Neurosci, 2012 van Gaal S, De Lange FP, Cohen MX
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“Subliminal stimuli can facilitate conscious processing of related information”. Ruch, Züst, Henke citing
Mechanisms of masked priming: a meta-analysis
Psychol Bull 2009
E. Van den Bussche, W. Van den Noortgate, B. Reynvoet